http://www.artpractical.com/column/locating-technology-/
 By Genevieve Quick
        
    May 14, 2014 
Artists have long used approaches like elaborate and surreal 
narratives and phenomenological or physical experiences to explore the 
breadth of reality. At its most basic level, reality is a physical or 
social interaction with a string of consequences that extends beyond 
oneself. Artists, philosophers, scientists, and technologists continue 
to unravel reality as a complicated matrix of self and perception. The 
emerging technology of augmented reality (AR) creates hybridized spaces 
that merge virtual objects and narratives with the everyday space we 
inhabit. As AR develops solutions for the many real-world issues it 
faces (like application, ownership, access, adoption, and format), these
 issues affect AR’s artistic and political potential.
......
Using smartphones,
1 AR participants scan a Quick Response 
(QR) code or AR symbol to interact with virtual objects that appear 
superimposed on the everyday world through their phone’s screen. Unlike 
two-dimensional images, AR objects are vector-based renderings with X,Y,
 and Z axes—the same type of data used in 3D printing. Moreover, artists
 and designers assign global positioning satellite (GPS) coordinates to 
their objects, placing them in a meta-space that overlaps the tangible 
space users occupy. Users’ phones coordinate their GPS location with 
that of the AR object; as participants move through space, the virtual 
images on their smartphones shift in perspective. As its name suggests, 
AR attempts to augment, which on a rhetorical level is an improvement 
made through addition. In contrast, its technological cousin virtual 
reality (VR) attempts to simulate, which allows designers and artists 
unlimited freedom to create the context for their narrative or 
experience. While apps like Layar
2 suggest that AR is an 
additional level placed upon reality, it is actually a hybrid space that
 merges users’ real, physical embodied location with the virtual and 
visual experience.
Subsequent to the 1989 Tiananmen uprising, when the People’s Liberation 
Army violently thwarted protestors, Chinese government censors have 
attempted to eliminate references to the uprising on the internet and 
mass media.
5 In response, the exiled and anonymous collective 4Gentlemen
6
 created 3D models of the Goddess of Democracy—like the one erected by 
students at the Central Academy of Fine Arts during the 
demonstration—and “Tank Man,” the anonymous figure who stood against a 
plethora of tanks on Chang’an Avenue. Photographs of the Goddess of 
Democracy and “Tank Man” are widely circulated around the world and have
 become iconic images of individual bravery and military authority. 
4Gentlemen have placed their AR objects at the GPS locations of the 
Tiananmen Square protests. Additionally, Google Maps indicates that the 
AR Goddess of Democracy has been placed at international squares of 
public protest, like Green Square, Tripoli, Libya; Al Tahrir Square, 
Cairo, Egypt; Tahrir Square, Sana’a, Yemen; Pearl Square, Al Manama, 
Bahrain; Union Square, NY; and Piazzo San Marco, Venice, Italy, to name a
 few.
7 Although erecting physical monuments of protest is 
challenging in repressive regimes, thus far these AR objects seem to be 
able to resist censorship. Unlike physical monuments, these AR monuments
 are easily replicated and moved, and can linger long after protests 
have occurred.
...... 
With fundamental questions about the platform and its use, adoption, and
 so on still to be determined, AR poses a potential political and 
economic battle for the everyday space we inhabit. As billboards sprung 
up along the once ill-defined spaces of the interstates, these routes 
became commodifiable. Additionally, the internet, the so-called “super 
highway,” has become dotted with banner ads as commercial interests 
compete for our attention. Our everyday space, like when walking down 
the street, may also become a contested zone, as every physical point is
 a GPS location with the potential for being a pop-up ad or a location 
for governmental censorship or surveillance.